History of Pakistan / India

Pakistan - History
A land of Greatest Mountains & Colorful Culture - A Complete Guide to Pakistan
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HISTORICAL DATES

2 Million years ago	Oldest homosapians lived here from 5 - 2 million years ago.Many articles of stone age are found from different Archeological sites and are displayed at different museums of Pakistan.
7000 BC 3500 BC	Village culture of Mahar Garh was developed. Th site of Mahargarh reveals that people were cultivating crops on rain dependent lands.They were making excellency Quality of ceramics from terracotta. Some figurines of women have been found which are beautifully decorated and are displayed at various museums of Pakistan
3500 BC 3000 BC	Kot DGian Culture . After the Mahargarh people moved eastward for better alluvial land and in search of a place less vulnerable of the dangers of river. They built fortified villages with mud & stone houses. They built tools of matel and were more learnt in the making of ceramics.
3300 BC 1700 BC	The people left the small villages and built a big city with all the civic facilities and planning. Emergence of prosperous Indus civilization . Moen Jo Daro was one of the main cities of this most advanced civilization of the world There are buildings made of baked bricks a rich treasure of ceramics covered drainage, grid system of the streets are few of the things of Indus civilization you can witness.
1700 BC	Indus civilization is buried in time and Aryans arrive .
1200 BC	Earliest hyms of Ragveda were written in the Indus valley
1000 BC 600 BC	Post Indus civilization culture decline in art and architecture is seen. There are numerous un excavated sites of this period in Pakistan.
516 BC 486 BC	The Achiminidians of Persia ruled the Northern part as the eastern most province of Persia ( Gandhara ) King Darius made a map of the world and described the land beyond Indus as Deserta enconita (Unknown Desert) . Taxila the famous archeological site was established as the Capital of Gandhara
326 BC	Alexander the great entered through Khyber pass and Chitral conquered the Kabul valley. The king of Taxila submitted before the Alexander and the whole region was conquered by Alexander. From the south of Indus he continued to Iran via Baluchistan desert (In Pakistan)
324 BC	Land was governed by Philip one of the men of Alexander who was later assassinated ; Eudaamus was took his place as the ruler.
323 BC	Alexander dies, the country remains in the hands of Eudamus
317 BC	Chandragupta the founder of Maurya empire takes over Punjab.
208 BC 274 BC	Chandragupta dies Asoka then Governor of Taxila accesses and unites the small kingdoms.
262 BC	Asoka is impressed with a Buddhist monk and accepts Buddhism as his religion. The Ashes of Buddha are collected and are distributed into 8 different Stupas. Asoka propagates the teachings of Buddha and develops new rules for the religion.
250 BC	Foundation of Bactria & Parthia Kingdoms in Afghanistan & North of Iran , by the greeks
232 BC	Death of Asoka the Maurya empire is badly disturbed and eventually breaks into small kingdoms.
189 BC	Bactrians take over Gandhara followed by Maurian descendents and later Greeks
90 BC	Sakas Parthians from central Asia after conquering Iran, Bactria etc take over Taxila
40 AD	Visit of St. Thomas at Taxila his cathedral is still alive in Taxila.
60 AD	Kushans from central Asia take over Gandhara and propagate Buddhism Gandhara art is patronized and reaches at its peak
300 AD	Kushans are slowly replaces by Sassanians from Iran
400 AD	Kidar Kushans unite the country and take hold
455 AD	White Huns invade Gandhara and are converted to Hinduism They Destroy all Buddhist Monasteries Stupas and did mass killing. Buddhism declines
565 AD	Sassanians & Turks overthrow Huns Buddhism could not recover but emerges in China
600-700	Turks Shahis in North and Hindu Rajas in the south ruling as smaller states.
711 AD	Mohammed Bin Qasim (First Muslim ) Conquers The south eastern par of Sindh Banbhore and later many cities in Sindh & Southern Punjab are conquered
870AD	Hindu Shahi from central Asia arrive .
1001-26	Mahmood of Ghazni came Islam becomes the state religion and a lot of population is converted to Islam.
1034	Local dynasties rule the In Sindh Sumrah rule until 1337
1150 AD	Ghourids replace Ghaznavis
1200 AD	The consolidation of Muslim Sultanate in North India
1221 AD	Ghengis Khan invades and takes over Punjab from Muslims
1337 AD	Sammahs overthrow Sumrahs in Sindh
1398-1409	Temurlane of Uzbekistan arrives via Khyber pass
1400 ++	Decline of the Delhi Sultanate. Separation into small kingdoms. Founding of the Sikh religion
1506 AD	Babur, the first Moghul arrives after conquering central Asia & Afghanistan
1524 AD	Shah Beg Arghun Rules Sindh Local Rinds also help to overthrow Sammahs
1526 AD	Babur ( Moghul) Overthrown the last Sultan of Delhi. India is reunited under the banner of Moghul empire
1530-56 AD	Sher Shah Suri attacks the Moghul empire and puts Emperor Humayoon Son of Babur in Exile in Persia
1545 AD	Death of Sher Shah Suri. Tarkhans take over Sindh Thatta is the capital
1556-1605 AD	Akbar the Great son of Humayoon is the emperor Moghul empire is at boom
1627-1658	Shah Jehan the greatest patron of architecture becomes the emperor.Taj Mahal , Lahore fort's Nolakha Mahal Shahjehan Mosque and many other wonderful buildings wee built
1658-1707	Aurangzeb Alamgir becomes the emperor. Sikhs organize themselves as a warrior tribe
1736 AD	Hyderabad becomes the capital of Sindh and Kalhoras rule it
1739 AD	Nadir Shah of Persia Invades
2580-1773	Ahmed Shah Durrani founds Kingdom of Afghanistan. Some territories of The Subcontinent Including NWFP , Kashmir & Punjab
1760-1830s	Sikhs become the dominant in Punjab . Ruling from Lahore
1789 AD	Talpurs Mirs Rule Sindh From Hyderabad
1799-1839	Ranjit Singh Rules Punjab and conquers Peshawar valley
1843 AD	British annex Sindh Karachi is taken by Lord Napair. First British Afghan War
1845-1846	First British Sikh War
1848-1849	British take Punjab from Sikhs in the second Sikh war. A big part of India is under British
1857	First War of Independence or Mutiny as called by the British
1876	Mohammed Ali Jinnah Founder of Pakistan born in Karachi
1887	Baluchistan is also taken by the British
1889	Gilgit Agency made by the British in Gilgit
1891	Hunza & Nagar valleys also become part of British empire
1906	All India Muslim was founded
1930	Allama Iqbal awakens Muslims with his poetry and suggests creation of a separate Muslim country
1940	Muslim League under the Leadership of Jinnah passes the resolution of Pakistan in Lahore
1947	6th June Referendum is held In India by the British 14th August India is divided into two and British leave. Quid e Azam Mohammed Ali Jinnah becomes the first governor General of Pakistan.
1948	Demise of Jinnah First War between Pakistan & India over Kashmir & Gilgit agency
1949	UN sponsors cease-fire in Kashmir
1958	First Marshal Law (Military Government ) of Ayub Khan
1965	2nd India Pakistan war UN declares cease-fire
1969	General Yahya Khan becomes the Leader of Pakistan
1971	3rd India Pakistan war results the break of Bangladesh which becomes a separate country.
1970-1977	Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto governs the country
1977	Gen. Ziaaul Haq takes over the Country as the Marshal Law administrator
1985	Non Part Elections in Pakistan Mohammed Khan Junejo becomes the Prime Minister
1988	17th August Gen. Zia Ul Haq killed in a Plane crash. Party based Elections held Banazir Bhutto becomes the prime minister
1990	Banazir dismissed from office New Elections held and Nawaz Sharief becomes the prime minister
1992	Nawaz Sharief's resigns and Banazir takes over in the new elections
1995	Banazir was dismissed again and Nawaz Sharief takes the office in the new elections & Continues to rule

Travel & Culture Services Pakistan

HISTORICAL DATES

2 Million years ago

Oldest homosapians lived here from 5 - 2 million years ago.Many articles of stone age are found from different Archeological sites and are displayed at different museums of Pakistan.

7000 BC 3500 BC

3500 BC 3000 BC

Kot DGian Culture . After the Mahargarh people moved eastward for better alluvial land and in search of a place less vulnerable of the dangers of river. They built fortified villages with mud & stone houses. They built tools of matel and were more learnt in the making of ceramics.

3300 BC 1700 BC

1700 BC

Indus civilization is buried in time and Aryans arrive .

1200 BC

Earliest hyms of Ragveda were written in the Indus valley

1000 BC 600 BC

Post Indus civilization culture decline in art and architecture is seen. There are numerous un excavated sites of this period in Pakistan.

516 BC 486 BC

The Achiminidians of Persia ruled the Northern part as the eastern most province of Persia ( Gandhara ) King Darius made a map of the world and described the land beyond Indus as Deserta enconita (Unknown Desert) . Taxila the famous archeological site was established as the Capital of Gandhara

326 BC

Alexander the great entered through Khyber pass and Chitral conquered the Kabul valley. The king of Taxila submitted before the Alexander and the whole region was conquered by Alexander. From the south of Indus he continued to Iran via Baluchistan desert (In Pakistan)

324 BC

Land was governed by Philip one of the men of Alexander who was later assassinated ; Eudaamus was took his place as the ruler.

323 BC

Alexander dies, the country remains in the hands of Eudamus

317 BC

Chandragupta the founder of Maurya empire takes over Punjab.

208 BC 274 BC

Chandragupta dies Asoka then Governor of Taxila accesses and unites the small kingdoms.

262 BC

Asoka is impressed with a Buddhist monk and accepts Buddhism as his religion. The Ashes of Buddha are collected and are distributed into 8 different Stupas. Asoka propagates the teachings of Buddha and develops new rules for the religion.

250 BC

Foundation of Bactria & Parthia Kingdoms in Afghanistan & North of Iran , by the greeks

232 BC

Death of Asoka the Maurya empire is badly disturbed and eventually breaks into small kingdoms.

189 BC

Bactrians take over Gandhara followed by Maurian descendents and later Greeks

90 BC

Sakas Parthians from central Asia after conquering Iran, Bactria etc take over Taxila

40 AD

Visit of St. Thomas at Taxila his cathedral is still alive in Taxila.

60 AD

Kushans from central Asia take over Gandhara and propagate Buddhism Gandhara art is patronized and reaches at its peak

300 AD

Kushans are slowly replaces by Sassanians from Iran

400 AD

Kidar Kushans unite the country and take hold

455 AD

White Huns invade Gandhara and are converted to Hinduism They Destroy all Buddhist Monasteries Stupas and did mass killing. Buddhism declines

565 AD

Sassanians & Turks overthrow Huns Buddhism could not recover but emerges in China

600-700

Turks Shahis in North and Hindu Rajas in the south ruling as smaller states.

711 AD

Mohammed Bin Qasim (First Muslim ) Conquers The south eastern par of Sindh Banbhore and later many cities in Sindh & Southern Punjab are conquered

870AD

Hindu Shahi from central Asia arrive .

1001-26

Mahmood of Ghazni came Islam becomes the state religion and a lot of population is converted to Islam.

1034

Local dynasties rule the In Sindh Sumrah rule until 1337

1150 AD

Ghourids replace Ghaznavis

1200 AD

The consolidation of Muslim Sultanate in North India

1221 AD

Ghengis Khan invades and takes over Punjab from Muslims

1337 AD

Sammahs overthrow Sumrahs in Sindh

1398-1409

Temurlane of Uzbekistan arrives via Khyber pass

1400 ++

Decline of the Delhi Sultanate. Separation into small kingdoms. Founding of the Sikh religion

1506 AD

Babur, the first Moghul arrives after conquering central Asia & Afghanistan

1524 AD

Shah Beg Arghun Rules Sindh Local Rinds also help to overthrow Sammahs

1526 AD

Babur ( Moghul) Overthrown the last Sultan of Delhi. India is reunited under the banner of Moghul empire

1530-56 AD

Sher Shah Suri attacks the Moghul empire and puts Emperor Humayoon Son of Babur in Exile in Persia

1545 AD

Death of Sher Shah Suri. Tarkhans take over Sindh Thatta is the capital

1556-1605 AD